Growing tomato
Solanum lycopersicum · also called TamatarA warm season fruit vegetable raised in a nursery and transplanted. It needs sun, mild nights and protection from frost.
West coast: Kerala, Goa, Konkan, coastal Karnataka, south Gujarat
At a glance
Tomato in the West coast
Across India
When to sow it
Twelve growing regions, January to December. Your region comes first.
- Nursery
- Transplant
- Harvest
- Under cover
- Today
- Not suited here
Compare all 12 regionsShow fewer regions
See the dates as a table
| Region | Sow | Nursery | Transplant | Harvest |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| West coast | October to November | |||
| Temperate Himalaya | February to MarchMay to June (indeterminate types)AprilMarch to April | March to AprilJune to JulyEnd of MayApril to May | ||
| Cold desert | Not suited here | |||
| Sub-tropical foothills | Mid-DecemberUnder cover: December, under low poly tunnels or thatch | Late January to mid-FebruaryJanuary, into trenchesJuly, once the rains set in (rainfed areas) | ||
| North-west plains | OctoberEnd of NovemberSecond half of July | November to DecemberFebruarySecond half of August | Late November to early December (rainy season varieties) | |
| Gangetic plains | June to JulySeptemberJanuary | September to October (Eastern India, autumn crop)Late December (Eastern India, spring crop) | ||
| North-east hills and valleys | September to OctoberFebruary to March | October to NovemberMid-March to April | ||
| Arid west | First week of September | Second week of October | ||
| Central plateau | June to JulyNovember | July to AugustDecember to January | ||
| Deccan plateau | December to March | |||
| South interior | May to JuneNovember to December | December to March (Karnataka) | ||
| East coast | May to JuneNovember to December | June to JulyDecember to January | ||
From seed to harvest
One season, day by day
Days from sowing
Before sowing
Land preparation
Well rotted farmyard manure or compost
20 to 25 t per hectare
Mix well into the soil.
Day 0
Sow
Day 120 to 150
Last picking
No published guide covers this for the West coast, so this is an AI suggestion. Check it with local advice before you rely on it.
Before sowing
Well rotted farmyard manure or compost6
20 to 25 t per hectare · Mix well into the soil. · Land preparation
Day 0
Sow
Day 25 to 30
Day 60 to 70
First picking5
About every 4 days; 7 to 11 pickings in all.
Day 120 to 150
Last pickingNo published guide covers this for the West coast, so this is an AI suggestion. Check it with local advice before you rely on it.
Irrigate every two or three days. Cut back watering a week before transplanting and water the nursery well the day before.6
What it needs
Soil, sun and warmth
Soil pH1,2,5
6 to 7.5
Well drained loam rich in organic matter. It grows on many soils, but light soils from sandy loam to loam suit it most.
Sunlight2,5
Full sun. Bright sunshine while fruits set gives a deep red colour.
Temperature2,5
Grows best at 20 to 28 °C
Frost: none tolerated.
Monthly temperatures for the West coast aren't in the library yet.
Water and feeding
Watering6
Irrigate every two or three days. Cut back watering a week before transplanting and water the nursery well the day before.
Weeding6
Weed and earth up one month and two months after transplanting. Stake the plants if needed.
| When | What | How much | How |
|---|---|---|---|
| Land preparation | Well rotted farmyard manure or compost | 20 to 25 t per hectare | Mix well into the soil. |
Varieties and yield
20 to 25 tonnes a hectare
Yields vary with the plot, the seed and the season.
Sakthi
Bacterial wilt resistant
Mukthi
Bacterial wilt resistant
Anagha
Bacterial wilt resistant
Vellayani Vijai
Bacterial wilt resistant
Pusa Ruby
Organic and cultural controls only.
Fruit borer (Helicoverpa armigera)
Signs
Caterpillars bore holes into the fruits, which then rot.
What to do
- Raise African marigold nursery 15 days before the tomato nursery and plant it as a trap crop.
- Put up pheromone traps to watch moth numbers and change the lures every 2 to 3 weeks.
- Put up bird perches to bring in mynahs and drongos, which eat the caterpillars.
- Release the egg parasitoid Trichogramma from flowering.
- Spray neem seed kernel extract 5% against eggs and young caterpillars.
Prevention
- Plough deep in summer to expose resting stages in the soil.
- Keep the field clean.
Whitefly (Bemisia tabaci), carrier of leaf curl virus
Signs
Small white insects under the leaves suck sap; they spread leaf curl virus.
What to do
- Hang yellow sticky traps.
- Pull out plants showing leaf curl.
- Grow tall barrier crops such as maize or sorghum around the field.
- Spray neem seed kernel extract 5%.
Prevention
- Raise the nursery under fine insect-proof net.
- Conserve natural enemies such as ladybird beetles, lacewings and spiders.
Serpentine leaf miner (Liriomyza trifolii)
Signs
Winding pale tunnels in the leaves.
What to do
- Hang yellow sticky traps.
- Conserve its parasitoids and predators.
Prevention
- Avoid too much nitrogen.
- Beans grown as an intercrop reduce attack.
Spider mite (Tetranychus species)
Signs
Fine webbing and pale speckled leaves.
What to do
- Remove badly affected plants.
- Conserve predatory mites, ladybird beetles and lacewings.
Prevention
- Plant tall border crops such as maize or sorghum.
Damping off
Signs
Seedlings collapse in the nursery.
What to do
- Sow thinly on raised beds in an open, sunny place.
Bacterial wilt
Signs
Plants wilt suddenly.
What to do
- Uproot and destroy affected plants.
Prevention
- Grow resistant varieties such as Sakthi, Mukthi and Anagha where wilt is common.
Mosaic
Signs
Mottled, distorted leaves.
What to do
- Uproot and destroy affected plants.
Seed and the season's end
Saving seed1,2
Grow seed plants at least 50 m from other tomato varieties and pull out off-types and diseased plants. Use the first 7 to 8 pickings.
When the seed is ready
Seeds are mature 30 to 35 days after flowering, when the fruits are fully red and ripe.
Cleaning the seed
Crush ripe fruits and let the pulp ferment for 1 to 2 days, then add water: pulp and skins float and the seeds sink. Wash the seeds 3 or 4 times.
Dry in shade for a day, then in mild sun, to 7 to 8% moisture. Dry seed keeps up to 12 months in sealed foil pouches.
After the last pickingNo published guide covers this for the West coast, so this is an AI suggestion. Check it with local advice before you rely on it.
After the last picking, clear the plants and destroy any that wilted. Follow with paddy or a pulse rather than another solanaceous crop.
Rotation
Leave at least a year before tomato or another solanaceous crop (chilli, brinjal, capsicum, potato) goes back on the same land. Follow with cereals, cabbage family crops, radish, onion, garlic or groundnut. In root-knot nematode fields, garlic in the rotation helps.
Sources
Where this comes from
Our team has checked this guide against the sources at the end of the page.Reviewed by our team on 13 November 2026.
These published guides are the sources. Where none of them covers a detail for this region, the page shows an AI suggestion and labels it.
- Crop Production Guide: Horticulture Crops 2020 (Tomato; Organic Cultural Practices; Protected Cultivation; Seed Production)Tamil Nadu Agricultural University and Directorate of Horticulture, Tamil NaduRead the source
- Package of Practices for Vegetable Crops 2020 (Tomato; insect-pest and disease management in solanaceous vegetables; cropping systems; protected cultivation)Directorate of Extension, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Jammu (SKUAST-Jammu)Read the source
- Production Technology of Vegetables and Flowers (VSF-231), Part I: Vegetable production (Tomato)CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur (Department of Vegetable Science and Floriculture)Read the source
- AESA based IPM package: TomatoNational Institute of Plant Health Management and Directorate of Plant Protection, Quarantine and Storage, Government of IndiaRead the source
- Tomato: package of practices (source NHB)Vikaspedia (Government of India), citing National Horticulture BoardRead the source
- Package of Practices Recommendations: Crops 2011, Vegetables (Tomato)Kerala Agricultural UniversityRead the source
- Good Agricultural Practices in Tomato Cultivation: a technical manual for KarnatakaGIZ Green Innovation Centres India with University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkot and Karnataka State Department of HorticultureRead the source
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